PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY OF EUROPE

1) GEOGRAPHICAL BOUNDARIES of the EUROPEAN CONTINENT

- North:  The Glacial Arctic Ocean, and the North Atlantic Ocean

- East:  The Ural Mountains (The Urals), and the Caspian Sea

- South:  The Caucasus, The Black Sea and  The Mediterranean Sea

-West: The Atlantic Ocean

2) ELEMENTS OF THE RELIEF

Plains:  GREAT EUROPEAN PLAIN

Ancient Massifs: THE SCANDINAVIAN MOUNTAINS, THE CENTRAL MASSIF,

     THE SCOTTISH HIGHLANDS, THE PENINES

Southern Ranges: THE PYRENEES, THE ALPS, THE APENINES,

        THE CARPATHIAN MOUNTAINS, THE BALKANS, THE CAUCASUS 

Peaks and vulcans: MONT BLANC (The Alps), MOUNT EREBUS (The Caucasus),  

                                        VULCAN ETNA (Isle of Sicily)

Undersea areas: NETHERLANDS (The Low Countries)

4) ELEMENTS OF THE COAST

Oceans: GLACIAL ARCTIC OCEAN, ATLANTIC OCEAN.

Seas:  BARENTS SEA, WHITE SEA, BALTIC SEA, SEA OF NORWAY, NORTH SEA,   

IRISH SEA, CELTIC SEA, CANTABRIAN SEA, MEDITERRANEAN SEA, THYRRENIAN SEA,   IONIC SEA,  ADRIATIC SEA, AEGEAN SEA, SEA OF MARMARA, BLACK SEA,   SEA OF AZOV, CASPIAN SEA

Peninsulas: SCANDINAVIAN PENININSULA, JUTLAND, CORNWALL, BRITTANY,

                           THE IBERIAN PENINSULA, THE ITALIAN PENINSULA,

THE BALCANINC PENINSULA (THE BALKANS), THE PELOPONNES,

CRIMEAN PENINSULA

Isles:    NEW ZEMBLA, ICELAND, BRITAIN, ISLE OF MAN, IRELAND, CORSICA, SARDINIA, SICILY, MALTA, CRETE, CYPRUS

Archipelagos: SVALRBAD (Norway), FAROE ISLANDS (Denmark), SHETLAND ISLANDS, ORKNEY ISLES and HEBRIDES ISLANDS (United Kingdom), BALEARIC ISLANDS (Spain), DODECANESOS (Greece)

Gulfs and bays: GULF OF BOTHNIA, GULF OF FINLAND, GULF OF RIGA,

CARDIGAN BAY, GALWAY BAY, BAY OF BISCAY, GULF OF LION,   GULF OF GENOA, GULF OF TARENTO, GULF OF CORINTO, SARONIC GULF

Capes:  NORTH CAPE, LAND’S END, CAPE OF SAINT VINCENT

Straits/Channels:  SKAGERRAT STRAIT, ENGLISH CHANNEL, BRISTOL CHANNEL,

                                       NORTH CHANNEL, STRAIT OF GIBRALTAR,

        STRAIT OF BONIFACIO, STRAIT OF MESSINA,

        DARDANELLES STRAIT, BOSPHORUS STRAIT

4) ELEMENTS OF THE INLAND HYDROGRAPHY

Rivers:

-Barents Sea basin: PECHORA

-White Sea basin: NORTHERN DVINA RIVER

-Baltic Sea basin:  WESTERN DVINA RIVER (to the Gulf of Riga), VISTULA, ODER

-North Sea basin: ELBE, WESSER, RHINE, THAMES

-Atlantic Ocean basin: SEINE, LOIRE, GARONNE, SHANNON

-Mediterranean Sea basin: RHÔNE, PO (To the Adriatic Sea), TIBER (To the

                                        Tyrrhenian Sea)

-Black Sea basin: DANUBE, DNIESTER, DNIEPER (TO the Sea of Azov)

-Caspian Sea basin: DON, VOLGA

Lakes: ONEGA and LADOGA (Russia), LOCH NESS (Scotland), LOUGH NEAGH

(Northern Ireland), LEMAN (Switzerland-France), CONSTANZA (Switzerland)

 Links to work with maps of Europe